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Introduction

Boilers
Coil Condensers Flexible Hose Assemblies
Product Coolers Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers Single Pass Type RGG
Immersion Heaters Type RMG / RPG

 

Introduction


Glass Heat Exchangers are  generally available in tow major categories; Coil type and Shell & Tube type. Like any other Heat Exchangers, they can be used for variety of Shell & Tube type. Like any other Heat Exchangers, they can be used for variety of applications, namely, Condensation, Cooling, Heating, Boiling and suitable combinations of the above. The selection of equipment depends upon the type of application, heat load, availability of heating/cooling media etc. 

In all types of glass Heat Exchangers the heat transfer is through the wall of the glass tube. The heat transfer co-efficient can be of a moderate order because of low wall thickness. With 1.5 mm thick walled tubes, the wall heat transfer co-efficient is about 725 Kcals/hr m2 oC and we can obtain an overall heat transfer co-efficient for steam condensation with water cooling as about 550 Kcals/hr m2 oC.

the allowable pressure inside the tubes can be vacuum to 3 kg/cm2 while that on the domes as well as on the shell depends upon the size of the shell corresponding to the values mentioned in Technical Specifications. The Heat Exchangers can safely be used up to 150o C with the limitations of Thermal Shock up to 120o C and temperature gradient across the wall less than 50o C.

The shell side pressures on Metallic Shell & Tube heat exchangers can be as high as 2.5 kg/cm. For higher pressure requirement up to 4 kg/cm2 , the PTFE tube sheets need redesigning and can be made on special request.

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Coil Condensers, Information

Composed completely of glass, coil heat exchangers are typically used as vapor condensers and liquid coolers. They are usually designed and installed as an integral part of a vertical column. To provide a reliable corrosion resistant internal seal, the coil battery is sealed to the jacket, creating a single unit. Boilers and immersion heaters are also available in this all-glass coil design.

Other Designs
We also offer glass cascade coolers, bayonet and jacketed-type heat exchangers. For further information on these special application models, please contact us.

Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers
We also offer a wide range of shell and tube heat exchangers ranging from 13.5 to 505 sq. ft., all capable of modular expansion. For further information on these units go to the heat exchanger page, or contact us.

Technical Data
Heat Transfer in Condensers
The heat transferred in coil condensers con be considered generally as 55 Btu/hr-ft2-°F for any unit. This figure may vary from 10 to 72 Btu/hr-ft2-°F depending on the fluids involved and the operating conditions.

Jacket Side

Vapor to be
condensed

Liquid to be
cooled

Gas To be
cooled

Coil Side

Cooling Water

Cooling Water

Cooling Water

Heat Transfer
Coefficient
BTU/hr. - ft2 - °F

50

50

50

The heat transfer coefficient also varies with the size of the condenser. The following table gives an indication of the performance of condensers at atmospheric pressure, using water as a coolant in the coils (inlet temperature 68 F) and steam condensing in the jackets. These figures do not show the maximum performance of the units but are a general indication of typical working conditions.

 

Condenser
Catalog
Reference

Surface
Area
ft2

Water
Flow Rate
lbs/hr

Steam
Condensed
lbs/hr

GHE1.5

2

1540

15

GHE2

3.5

2200

25

GHE3

3.5

2200

25

GHE4

5

3300

40

GHE6/10

10

3500

70

GHE6/15

15

3300

110

GHEU9A

25

6600

198

GHEU12/25

25

6000

175

GHEU12/40

40

10400

282

GHEU450/60

60

11000

435

GHEU450/80

80

9300

585

GHEA600

120

14300

850

 

Applications

Coil heat exchangers are an all-glass design. There are no internal sealing problems, as the coil is welded into the jacket forming a one-piece unit. This design is a practical means of packing a large amount of heat transfer surface into a small volume.

 

Coil Condensers are used in three general Applications
Vapor inlet at Bottom Vapor inlet at Top Liquid--Liquid Exchange
· Coolant inside the coils.
· Condensate falls against the rising vapor and exits at its boiling point.
· Coolant inside the coils.
· Condensate exits at the bottom at temperatures below its boiling point, depending on surface area of the condenser and flow rate of the coolant.
· Coolant inside the coils.
· Hot liquid in shell flows countercurrently to coolant.
· Cooled liquid exits at top of unit.

 

Notes on the use of coil type condensers

  1. Condensers should never be used without an adequate flow of coolant through the coils. Do not allow the coolant to become heated to boiling point.
  2. Condensers should never be used with steam in the coil.
  3. Take care to arrange the coolant supply in such a way as to avoid water hammer. Be certain that there is a uniform, continuous supply of coolant. (For HE 600 condensers, the fitting of an anti-water hammer device is recommended.)
  4. Coolant control valves should always be turned on and off slowly, particularly when air is present in the line. Coolant should be allowed to drain freely to a point as close as practicable to the heat exchanger. Brine in a closed circuit can be used as coolant provided that suitable precautions against hammer are taken.
  5. We recommend a maximum gauge pressure of 40 psig in the coils.
  6. Adequate flexible hose should be used for connecting the condenser to the water main to assure that stresses are not transmitted to the glass.
  7. If a condenser is to be out of service for a period of time. drain the coils. In winter suitable precautions should be taken to prevent freezing of any water remaining after draining.
  8. Condensers can be mounted in a series to provide larger surface areas.

 

Note:
allowing a minimum pressure drop of 30 psi (2.1 bar) will result in the most efficient overall heat transfer.

 

Coil Condensers, 1

Catalog Reference GHE 1.5 GHE 2 GHE 3 GHE 4 GHE 6/10 GHE 6/15 GHEU 9A
Heat Transfer Area ft2 2 3.5 3.5 5 10 15 25
L mm 610 610 610 610 610 840 790
L1 mm 85 90 90 120 150 150 180
L2 mm 100 95 95 80 100 100 125
DN mm 40 50 80 100 150 150 225
DN1 mm         25 25 25
d mm 16 16 16 19      
 
Weight Empty lb. 2 3 4 10 15 22 35
Weight Full lb. 3 4 1/2 5 12 21 31 51
Shell Capacity gal. 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.2 2.4 2.9 5.3
Maximum Cooling Water Rate gal./hr. 200 340 340 720 720 480 940
Operating Temperatures oF 300°F max/min - above collant's freezing point
Maximum Thermal Shock oF 216
Max. Working Pressure-Shell psig 50 40 30 25 20 20 11
Max. Working Pressure-Coil psig 40

 

All 3-outlet coil units have tubes spaced equidistant from the face to the center of the nozzle (120° spacing)

 

Coil Condensers, 2

Catalog Reference GHEU 12/25 GHEU 12/40 GHEU 450/60 GHEU 450/80 GHE 600
Heat Transfer Area ft2 25 40 60 80 120
L mm 610 900 760 900 1250
L1 mm 250 250 350 350 485
L2 mm 125 125 150 150 300
DN mm 300 300 450 450 600
DN1 mm 25 25 40 40 50
 
Weight Empty lb. 46 66 100 120 270
Weight Full lb. 64 95 134 163 381
Shell Capacity gal. 10 10.6 26.4 28.2 70
Maximum Cooling Water Rate gal./hr. 720 1532 1532 1300 1800
Operating Temperatures oF 300°F max/min - above collant's freezing point
Maximum Thermal Shock oF

216

Max. Working Pressure-Shell psig 8 8 6 6 4
Max. Working Pressure-Coil psig

40

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Product Coolers

 

DN
(mm)

DN1
(mm)

DN2
(mm)

L
(mm)

*
(psig)

Cooling
Surface
(ft2)

CatRef

100

25

25

550

35

3.5

GHEF1/3

150

25

25

550

25

5

GHEF1/5

150

25

25

750

25

10

GHEF1/10

Maximum operating pressure in coil battery is 30 psig.
* - Maximum operating pressure in cooler jacket

 


Flowrates through the units depend on feed height. Cooling water temperature - approximately 64 °F

HEF product coolers are general purpose coolers used, typically, for the cooling of products from distillation columns.

The coolers can be connected directly to the product outlet of the column by means of DN1. The product then flows from the top to the bottom of the unit through the coil battery across which the cooling water flows counter currently from bottom to

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Immersion Heaters, Information

immersion heat exchangers are used to control exothermic reactions in glass vessels. In most applications cooling water is used in the coils, but they can also be used with steam. In the latter case, the coils must always be completely immersed in the liquid

The HEM 6 is used in our type R spherical vessels and the HEM 9 in type E vessels. They can also be used in cylindrical vessels with special 6" or 9" bottom outlets.

The HEM 9 has a central hole through the coil to which the extended type stirrer shaft can be fitted to provide thorough mixing action.

Heat Transfer

These values may be used to approximate the overall heat transfer coefficients and the maximum allowable thermal shock for both the HEM 6 and HEM 9.

 

  Heat Transfer Co efficient (Btu/hr - ft2 - °F) Maximum
Thermal
Shock
Cooling, with agitation 40 - 50 125°F
Cooling, without agitation 20 - 30 180°F
Heating, with agitation 60 - 70 105°F
Heating, without agitation 40 - 50 125°F

 

Immersion Heaters

 

Catalog Reference GHEM 6 GHEM 9
Heat Transfer Area ft2 5 7
L mm 230 275
L1 mm 330 205
DN mm 150 225
DN1 mm 40 40
DN2 mm 25 25
d mm 145 210
Water flow rate at 30 psig* gal./hr. 357 542
Operating Temperatures °F 300°F max/min - above media's freezing point
Maximum Pressure in the coil psig 50

* through coils

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Boilers, Information

 

Boiler
Catalog
Reference

Surface
Area
ft2

Steam
Pressure
psig

Water Evaporated
lbs/hr

GHEB4

1.5

15

4.2

50

10

GHEB6

5

15

14.3

50

33

GHEB9

15

15

42

50

99

GHEB4/4

1.5

15

4.2

50

10

GHEB6/6

5

15

14.3

50

33

GHEB9/9

13

15

31

50

99

GHEB12/12

20

50

123

GHEB450

45

50

198

Heat Transfer in Boilers

The overall heat transfer coefficient for any 4", 6", 9" or 12" unit is generally about 70 Btu/hr-ft2-°F. This is based on 50 psig steam pressure in the coils, although it declines proportionately at lower pressures. The heat transferred for the 18" unit is approximately 54 Btu/hr-ft2-°F.

The table shows representative performance data of boilers, indicating the amount of water evaporated at atmospheric pressure, with steam in the coils at various pressures.

If the feed is cold, the evaporation rate will be approximately 85% of the figures shown.

 

Notes on the use of coil type boilers
  1. To avoid the possibility of steam hammer, the steam main should be adequately trapped.

  2. To clear the line of the very heavy condensate flow produced on startup, bypass valves must be fitted around the trap on the coil outlet.

  3. The control valve and pressure gauge should be near the heat exchanger.

  4. Flexible hose must be used on the coil inlet and outlet, and these hoses should have sufficient fall to avoid collection of condensate.

  5. Boiler type heat exchangers should not be fitted to the bottom of flasks or columns. They are designed to be mounted on an external circulatory loop. This assures a rapid unidirectional flow across the heating surface, which improves the heat transfer performance and promotes smooth operation.

  6. On startup, the steam should be admitted positively and progressively to the coil/battery to remove the condensate as it is formed. The bypass valve should be left open until a uniform flow of condensate and steam is being vented.

  7. The steam pressure should always be adequate to assure effective and smooth condensate removal. This pressure will vary according to conditions of use and size of heat exchanger. For example, with the HEB12/12 and HEB450 a minimum pressure of 30 psig will probably be required.

  8. The maximum recommended inlet steam pressure for all boilers is 50 psig.

Boilers, 1

 

Catalog Reference GHEB 4 GHEB 6 GHEB 9
Heat Transfer Area ft2 1.5 5 15
L mm 380 455 710
L1 mm 125 150 180
L2 mm 100 90 140
DN mm 100 150 225
DN1 mm 25 40 40
DN2 mm 25 25 25
 
Weight Empty lb. 5 9 22
Shell Capacity gal. 0.7 1.2 4.5
Coil Capicity gal. 0.1 0.4 1.2
Free Cross Sectional Area in.2 6.3 8 23
Operating Temperatures °F 300 °F max./min.- above media's freezing point
Maximum Thermal Shock °F

216

Max. Working Pressure - Shell psig. 25 20 11
Max. Working Pressure - Coil psig. 50
Min. Working Pressure - Shell psig. Full Vacuum
Min. Working Pressure - Coil psig.

15

 

Boilers, 2

 

Catalog Reference GHEB 4/4 GHEB 6/6 GHEB 9/9 GHEB 12/12 GHEB 450
Heat Transfer Area ft2 1.5 5 13 20 45
L mm 405 510 710 700 915
L1 mm 125 150 180 215 325
L2 mm 100 100 100 135 125
L3 mm       135 140
L4 mm       270 350
DN mm 100 150 225 300 450
DN1 mm 25 25 25 25 40
DN2 mm       25 25
 
Weight Empty lb. 7 14 33 46 123
Shell Capacity gal. 0.9 2.0 5.5 11.2 32.2
Coil Capicity gal. 0.1 0.4 1.2 1.3 6.1
Free Cross Sectional Area in.2 6.3 8 30 51 119
Operating Temperatures °F 300 °F max./min.- above media's freezing point
Maximum Thermal Shock °F

216

Max. Working Pressure - Shell psig. 25 20 11 8 6
Max. Working Pressure - Coil psig.

50

Min. Working Pressure - Shell psig. Full Vacuum
Min. Working Pressure - Coil psig. 15 30 30

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Flexible Hose Assemblies

Type of
Service

Flange Plate Drilling
(mm)

NPT Size of Male Hose Fitting (in.)

CatRef

Water

25

3/4

GWHA1/0.75

Water

40

1

GWHA1.5/1

Water

50

1 1/2

GWHA2/1.5

Steam

25

3/4

GSHA1/0.75

Steam

40

1

GSHA1.5/1

Use these flexible hose assemblies to connect glass heat exchangers to metal service water and steam piping. Assemblies come with flange plate drilled to mate with wither  ("86" ) or ("72" ) flange; a section of rubber hose to meet the service requirement; a male, threaded end fitting (NPT) to mate with standard threaded metal pipe; and suitable connectors.

 

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SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS SINGLE PASS TYPE RGG

CAT. REF. GRGG 150/3 GRGG
150/4
GRGG 150/5 GRGG 150/5.5 GRGG 150/6 GRGG 225/6 GRGG 225/8 GRGG 225/10 GRGG 225/11 GRGG 225/13 GRGG 300/13 GRGG 300/16 GRGG 300/20 GRGG 300/23 GRGG 300/26
Heat exchanger area (m2) 3.2 4.1 4.9 5.7 6.5 6.4 8.0 9.6 11.2 12.8 13.2 16.5 19.8 23.1 26.4
No. of baffles 14 16 20 24 28 14 16 20 24 28 14 16 20 24 28
L 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
L1

180

225 535
L2 150 225 225
L3 295 405 335
DN 150 225 300
No.of tubes 37 73 151
DN1/DN2 80 100 150
DN3 50 80 80
DN4 25 40 80
DN5 50 50 50

 

 

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TYPE RMG / RPG

CAT.REF. GRMG 100/1.6 GRMG 100/2 GRMG 100/2.5 GRMG 100/3 GRMG 100/3.3
Heat Transfer Area (m2) 1.6 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.3
Length of Shell L meters 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
No. of tubes 19 19 19 19 19
O.D. of tubes 14 14 14 14 14
I.D. of shell 102 102 102 102 102
No. of baffles Tube sheet 20 25 30 34 40
Thickness T (mm) 40 40 40 40 40
L1 (mm) 125 125 125 125 125
L2 (mm) 150 150 150 150 150
N1/N2 (mm) 80 80 80 80 80
N3 (mm) 25 25 25 25 25
N4/N5 (mm) 80 80 80 80 80

 

CAT.REF. GRMG 150/3 GRMG 150/5 GRMG 150/5 GRMG 150/5.5 GRMG 150/6
Heat Transfer Area (m2) 3.2 4.0 4.8 5.6 6.5
Length of Shell L meters 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
No. of tubes 37 37 37 37 37
O.D. of tubes 14 14 14 14 14
I.D. of shell 156 156 156 156 156
No. of baffles Tube sheet 14 16 20 24 28
Thickness T (mm) 50 50 50 50 50
L1 (mm) 125 125 125 125 125
L2 (mm) 150 150 150 150 150
N1/N2 (mm) 80 80 80 80 80
N3 (mm) 40 40 40 40 40
N4/N5 (mm) 80 80 80 80 80

CAT.REF. GRMG 200/5 GRMG 200/6 GRMG 200/8 GRMG 200/9 GRMG 200/10
Heat Transfer Area (m2) 5.2 6.5 7.9 9.2 10.5
Length of Shell L meters 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
No. of tubes 60 60 60 60 60
O.D. of tubes 14 14 14 14 14
I.D. of shell 207 207 207 207 207
No. of baffles Tube sheet 14 16 20 24 28
Thickness T (mm) 60 60 60 60 60
L1 (mm) 150 150 150 150 150
L2 (mm) 150 150 150 150 150
N1/N2 (mm) 100 100 100 100 100
N3 (mm) 40 40 40 40 40
N4/N5 (mm) 100 100 100 100 100

 

CAT.REF. GRMG 250/8 GRMG 250/10 GRMG 250/12 GRMG 250/14 GRMG 250/16
Heat Transfer Area (m2) 8.0 9.9 11.8 13.8 15.8
Length of Shell L meters 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
No. of tubes 90 90 90 90 90
O.D. of tubes 14 14 14 14 14
I.D. of shell 261 261 261 261 261
No. of baffles Tube sheet 14 16 20 24 28
Thickness T (mm) 70 70 70 70 70
L1 (mm) 230 230 230 230 230
L2 (mm) 150 150 150 150 150
N1/N2 (mm) 100 100 100 100 100
N3 (mm) 40 40 40 40 40
N4/N5 (mm) 100 100 100 100 100

CAT.REF. GRMG 300/13 GRMG 300/16 GRMG 300/20 GRMG 300/23 GRMG 300/26
Heat Transfer Area (m2) 13.2 16.5 19.8 23.0 26.4
Length of Shell L meters 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
No. of tubes 150 150 150 150 150
O.D. of tubes 14 14 14 14 14
I.D. of shell 312 312 312 312 312
No. of baffles Tube sheet 14 16 20 24 28
Thickness T (mm) 75 75 75 75 75
L1 (mm) 230 230 230 230 230
L2 (mm) 150 150 150 150 150
N1/N2 (mm) 100 100 100 100 100
N3 (mm) 40 40 40 40 40
N4/N5 (mm) 100 100 100 100 100

 

CAT.REF. GRMG 350/17 GRMG 350/22 GRMG 350/26 GRMG 350/30 GRMG 350/35
Heat Transfer Area (m2) 17.4 21.8 26 30.5 34.8
Length of Shell L meters 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
No. of tubes 198 198 198 198 198
O.D. of tubes 14 14 14 14 14
I.D. of shell 344 344 344 344 344
No. of baffles Tube sheet 14 16 20 24 28
Thickness T (mm) 80 80 80 80 80
L1 (mm) 230 230 230 230 230
L2 (mm) 150 150 150 150 150
N1/N2 (mm) 150 150 150 150 150
N3 (mm) 40 40 40 40 40
N4/N5 (mm) 150 150 150 150 150

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